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Convert most remaining CI scripts to TypeScript in `pr-checks` #8645

Job	Run time
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, stable-v2.21.4)	1m 4s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, stable-v2.19.4)	1m 15s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, stable-v2.20.7)	1m 2s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, stable-v2.24.3)	1m 7s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, stable-v2.22.4)	1m 1s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, linked)	50s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, default)	55s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	3m 15s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	52s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (ubuntu-latest, stable-v2.23.9)	1m 10s
Go: tracing with custom build steps (macos-latest, linked)	3m 3s
	15m 34s