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Validate `checkout_path` input in `analyze` action #9138

Job	Run time
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, default)	51s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	44s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	1m 16s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, linked)	46s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, linked)	45s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, default)	42s
	5m 4s