chore(examples): move the TypeScript examples to tsx and TypeScript 6

[jsteinich]

Related issue

Alignment follow-up to #396 (init template → tsx + TypeScript 6) and #406 (packages → TypeScript 6). The examples were the last part of the repo still on ts-node and TypeScript 5.

Description

Two commits, in the order they have to happen:

1. chore(examples): run the TypeScript examples with tsx (669eae2)

21 of the 22 TypeScript examples ran npx ts-node main.ts. ts-node cannot be used with TypeScript 6 — it merges a bundled @tsconfig/nodeXX default supplying a deprecated moduleResolution: node10, which the compiler rejects — so the examples demonstrated a setup the CLI no longer produces, and copying their config into a generated project reproduces that failure. The documentation example was already on tsx; its pin is brought in line.

2. chore(examples): move the TypeScript examples to TypeScript 6 (86d7436)

typescript goes from ^5.0.0 to ~6.0.0, plus the same two config changes the template needed:

• types: ["node", "jest"] — the tsconfigs include __tests__, and TypeScript 6 otherwise stops resolving the jest globals (Cannot find name 'describe').
• isolatedModules in azure-service-bus-queue-trigger, the only example with a ts-jest preset, which cannot emit under TypeScript 6 in language-service mode.

No example sets baseUrl, so none of that cleanup applies here.

The commits cannot be reordered or split into separate PRs: TypeScript 6 with ts-node is exactly the broken combination, and CI exercises both halves — tools/build-example.mjs runs build (→ tsc, which hits the describe error) and then synth (→ the app command, which hits TS5107).

Verification

Beyond type-checking, one example was taken end to end locally on TypeScript 6.0.3:

examples/typescript/aws-prebuilt
  tsc --pretty false     exit 0
  tsx main.ts            exit 0, cdktf.out produced

The rest are covered by the Examples Integration matrix.

Checklist

• I have updated the PR title to match CDKTN's style guide
• I have run the linter on my code locally
• I have performed a self-review of my code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation if applicable
• My changes generate no new warnings
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works if applicable
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes

The diff is 65 files but highly repetitive — three small edits repeated across 22 examples.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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